How to get Root access on Call Manager 5/6 Server
I think it is great that Cisco does not require Engineers to understand the underlying system CallManager is built on, but some of us are curious. These steps will let you to create a user on a CUCM 5/6 server with shell access and root privileges.
WARNING: This should not be performed on a Production System! I am not responsible for any destruction to production systems.
1. Boot the CUCM server with CentOS 5.1 Disk1
2. Type ‘linux rescue’ at the boot: prompt
3. Use the chroot command to change the root to the CUCM partition
Type 'chroot /mnt/sysimage'
4. Backup the /etc/passwd, /etc/group, /etc/shadow and /etc/gshadow files
cp -a /etc/passwd /etc/passwd.bak
cp -a /etc/group /etc/group.bak
cp -a /etc/shadow /etc/shadow.bak
cp -a /etc/gshadow /etc/gshadow.bak
These files are protected by the ext2 immutable flag. Check to see if the immutable flag is set. If the immutable flag is set, you will see an ‘i’.
lsattr /etc/passwd /etc/group /etc/shadow /etc/gshadow
5. Remove the immutable flag
chattr -i /etc/passwd /etc/group /etc/shadow /etc/gshadow
6. Add a new user and set a password
useradd username
passwd username
7. Add the immutable flag
chattr +i /etc/passwd /etc/group /etc/shadow /etc/gshadow
8. Add the new user to the /etc/sudoers file and give root privileges.
vi /etc/sudoers
9. Add the following line to the file to give the new user root privileges.
username All=(ALL) ALL
10. Exit Linux rescue mode
11. Login with the new account
12. Test various root level linux commands with ’sudo’ prefix, take a look at the filesystem and play around
Wednesday 29 October 2008
Tuesday 7 October 2008
Easy steps to debrand N95/N95 8GB
Switch off any Anti Virus and disable any firewall
Firstly you will need to Sync your stuff with PC Suite.
DO NOT use backup and restore as this has shown to cause future problems with stability!
If you need your texts message for reference then change the message settings to save on your memory card and you get the option to copy across all existing texts.You will also 'loose' all your installed apps and will have to reinstall these once you have completed the Debrand/upgrade process.
You will also need all your network and internet (data) access settings. You can note them down, get them resent after the debrand/upgrade to your phone by text message from your network provider or from Nokia, or simply get them from here http://www.filesaveas.com/networks.html.
Next step is to download a programme called Nemesis Service Suite (NSS) from here
http://www.b-phreaks.co.uk/files/NSS/NSS103812.zip
Unzip this to a folder that you can find again! Install the application. You may be asked to install the NSS drivers for the N95 so do this when prompted.
Now run NSS and you are starting the debrand process!
When the main NSS window comes up in the top right click scan for new device. Your phone should be detected.
Next click the 'Phone Info' button. This will give a pane to the right of the window and ready should be flashing on the bottom bar. Click the 'Read' button under 'Production Data Edit'. this brings up some phone info including the important 'Product Code'. Your code will relate to your country and network provider and it is this we need to change!
This forum page http://www.allaboutsymbian.com/forum/showthread.php?t=58225 will give you a list of product codes. (while you are on that page consider joining the forum for future assistance).
For most people the generic EURO1 code is what we want so note it down (it doesn't matter whether you use the sand or plum code)!
You now need to input the code in place of the one that NSS returned against it's 'Product Code'
box! Copy and paste will do it! Tick the enable box alongside and then click the 'Write' button. When finished 'Write new values........Done' will appear in the bottom bar at the left. Your 'new' product code will now be shown in the 'Product Code' box.
Your phone is now ready to be upgraded to the latest official Nokia generic firmware release.
Close NSS and open Nokia PC Suite!
Make sure your battery is fully charged.
Click the 'Update phone software' button and the programme will lead you through the process of update. You may be required to download and install a newer version of the 'Nokia Software Updater' so just agree and wait for this to complete.
The NSU (Nokia Sofware Updater) will start and give instructions! It will detect your phone, identify it and search for an available update. Then, if one is available, it will give the option of proceeding with the update. Say yes and once the update has started wait until the process has finished.
Do not touch the phone, do not turn it off, do not disconnect the USB cable.
When the update has finished your phone will restart and you will have installed the latest firmware version of the Operating System.
At this point it does no harm to do a hard reset (see below) just to be sure you have what is refered to as a 'vanilla' phone.
Now re-sync with PC Suite and re-enter your network access and data settings.
Finally, re-install your applicationsto the phone memory (if you use the card memory you can get problems and power consumption goes up so less battery life!
And that's it! You should end up with a stable and zippy phone and the minimum of problems!
I hope all this helps and to anyone undertaking the procedure "GOOD LUCK"
Here are some useful 'Codes' that will interogate the phone
*#06# gives your IMEI (serial) number.
*#0000# gives firmware and phone version.
*#2820# (*#BTA0#) To view Bluetooth device address.
*#62209526# (*#MAC0WLAN) To view the MAC address of the WLAN adapter. This is maybe necessary for wlan encrypted setup.
*#92702689# (*#WAR0ANTY#) To view the life timer information. This is the total time of phone calls in minutes.
Warning : All old data will be lost when hard reset is used.
*#7780# : Soft Reset. Restores ini files from rom but preserves user data (photos, 3rd party apps etc).The phone will ask you a confirmation, enter a security code which is 12345 by default.
*#7370# : Hard (sometimes called 'Deep') Reset. You will get a format of the C: drive. Everything on the drive will be wiped and clean default files will be rewritten. You will be asked to input a security code which is 12345 by default.
There is another method of hard resetting the phone (similar to #*7370#). It is useful in some cases, for example when the phone cannot reboot. Switch off the phone then press and hold Call key (Green key) + * key + 3 key + power button for a couple of seconds. If you hold these buttons until 'Formatting' is shown you will get the same result as using *#7370#
Firstly you will need to Sync your stuff with PC Suite.
DO NOT use backup and restore as this has shown to cause future problems with stability!
If you need your texts message for reference then change the message settings to save on your memory card and you get the option to copy across all existing texts.You will also 'loose' all your installed apps and will have to reinstall these once you have completed the Debrand/upgrade process.
You will also need all your network and internet (data) access settings. You can note them down, get them resent after the debrand/upgrade to your phone by text message from your network provider or from Nokia, or simply get them from here http://www.filesaveas.com/networks.html.
Next step is to download a programme called Nemesis Service Suite (NSS) from here
http://www.b-phreaks.co.uk/files/NSS/NSS103812.zip
Unzip this to a folder that you can find again! Install the application. You may be asked to install the NSS drivers for the N95 so do this when prompted.
Now run NSS and you are starting the debrand process!
When the main NSS window comes up in the top right click scan for new device. Your phone should be detected.
Next click the 'Phone Info' button. This will give a pane to the right of the window and ready should be flashing on the bottom bar. Click the 'Read' button under 'Production Data Edit'. this brings up some phone info including the important 'Product Code'. Your code will relate to your country and network provider and it is this we need to change!
This forum page http://www.allaboutsymbian.com/forum/showthread.php?t=58225 will give you a list of product codes. (while you are on that page consider joining the forum for future assistance).
For most people the generic EURO1 code is what we want so note it down (it doesn't matter whether you use the sand or plum code)!
You now need to input the code in place of the one that NSS returned against it's 'Product Code'
box! Copy and paste will do it! Tick the enable box alongside and then click the 'Write' button. When finished 'Write new values........Done' will appear in the bottom bar at the left. Your 'new' product code will now be shown in the 'Product Code' box.
Your phone is now ready to be upgraded to the latest official Nokia generic firmware release.
Close NSS and open Nokia PC Suite!
Make sure your battery is fully charged.
Click the 'Update phone software' button and the programme will lead you through the process of update. You may be required to download and install a newer version of the 'Nokia Software Updater' so just agree and wait for this to complete.
The NSU (Nokia Sofware Updater) will start and give instructions! It will detect your phone, identify it and search for an available update. Then, if one is available, it will give the option of proceeding with the update. Say yes and once the update has started wait until the process has finished.
Do not touch the phone, do not turn it off, do not disconnect the USB cable.
When the update has finished your phone will restart and you will have installed the latest firmware version of the Operating System.
At this point it does no harm to do a hard reset (see below) just to be sure you have what is refered to as a 'vanilla' phone.
Now re-sync with PC Suite and re-enter your network access and data settings.
Finally, re-install your applicationsto the phone memory (if you use the card memory you can get problems and power consumption goes up so less battery life!
And that's it! You should end up with a stable and zippy phone and the minimum of problems!
I hope all this helps and to anyone undertaking the procedure "GOOD LUCK"
Here are some useful 'Codes' that will interogate the phone
*#06# gives your IMEI (serial) number.
*#0000# gives firmware and phone version.
*#2820# (*#BTA0#) To view Bluetooth device address.
*#62209526# (*#MAC0WLAN) To view the MAC address of the WLAN adapter. This is maybe necessary for wlan encrypted setup.
*#92702689# (*#WAR0ANTY#) To view the life timer information. This is the total time of phone calls in minutes.
Warning : All old data will be lost when hard reset is used.
*#7780# : Soft Reset. Restores ini files from rom but preserves user data (photos, 3rd party apps etc).The phone will ask you a confirmation, enter a security code which is 12345 by default.
*#7370# : Hard (sometimes called 'Deep') Reset. You will get a format of the C: drive. Everything on the drive will be wiped and clean default files will be rewritten. You will be asked to input a security code which is 12345 by default.
There is another method of hard resetting the phone (similar to #*7370#). It is useful in some cases, for example when the phone cannot reboot. Switch off the phone then press and hold Call key (Green key) + * key + 3 key + power button for a couple of seconds. If you hold these buttons until 'Formatting' is shown you will get the same result as using *#7370#
Saturday 20 September 2008
How to simulate ISDN Back To Back Configuration POTS Dial-Peers?
Connect two routers back-to-back style with cross over cable. Define switch type lets say qsig, then framing, line code, clock source, pri groups, user side, network side. (mean while forget about IP networks).
Here is one basic sample config, see how direct-indward-dial works, try some show and debug commands show isdn status, debug q931and q921 to see call set up signaling stuff.
(ISDN PRI Back To Back Configuration_Pots Dial-Peers)
USER SIDE CONFIGURATION
------------------------------
R1_3640#sh run
!
isdn switch-type primary-qsig
!
controller T1 1/0
framing esf
linecode b8zs
pri-group timeslots 1-4,24
!
interface Serial1/0:23
no ip address
encapsulation hdlc
isdn switch-type primary-qsig
isdn incoming-voice voice
no cdp enable
!
voice-port 1/0:23
!
voice-port 3/0/0
!
dial-peer voice 1111 pots
destination-pattern 1111
port 3/0/0
!
dial-peer voice 2222 pots
destination-pattern 2222
direct-inward-dial
port 1/0:23
forward-digits all
-------------------------------
NETWORK SIDE CONFIGURATION
-------------------------------
R2_3725#sh run
!
isdn switch-type primary-qsig
!
controller T1 1/0
framing esf
clock source internal
linecode b8zs
pri-group timeslots 1-4,24
!
interface Serial1/0:23
no ip address
isdn switch-type primary-qsig
isdn protocol-emulate network
isdn incoming-voice voice
no cdp enable
!
voice-port 1/0:23
!
voice-port 2/0/0
!
dial-peer voice 2222 pots
destination-pattern 2222
port 2/0/0
!
dial-peer voice 1111 pots
destination-pattern 1111
direct-inward-dial
port 1/0:23
forward-digits all
Here is one basic sample config, see how direct-indward-dial works, try some show and debug commands show isdn status, debug q931and q921 to see call set up signaling stuff.
(ISDN PRI Back To Back Configuration_Pots Dial-Peers)
USER SIDE CONFIGURATION
------------------------------
R1_3640#sh run
!
isdn switch-type primary-qsig
!
controller T1 1/0
framing esf
linecode b8zs
pri-group timeslots 1-4,24
!
interface Serial1/0:23
no ip address
encapsulation hdlc
isdn switch-type primary-qsig
isdn incoming-voice voice
no cdp enable
!
voice-port 1/0:23
!
voice-port 3/0/0
!
dial-peer voice 1111 pots
destination-pattern 1111
port 3/0/0
!
dial-peer voice 2222 pots
destination-pattern 2222
direct-inward-dial
port 1/0:23
forward-digits all
-------------------------------
NETWORK SIDE CONFIGURATION
-------------------------------
R2_3725#sh run
!
isdn switch-type primary-qsig
!
controller T1 1/0
framing esf
clock source internal
linecode b8zs
pri-group timeslots 1-4,24
!
interface Serial1/0:23
no ip address
isdn switch-type primary-qsig
isdn protocol-emulate network
isdn incoming-voice voice
no cdp enable
!
voice-port 1/0:23
!
voice-port 2/0/0
!
dial-peer voice 2222 pots
destination-pattern 2222
port 2/0/0
!
dial-peer voice 1111 pots
destination-pattern 1111
direct-inward-dial
port 1/0:23
forward-digits all
Friday 19 September 2008
How to set up a Cisco router to act as an NTP server?
Step 1 Log in to the router.
Step 2 Enter configuration mode:
router# configure terminal
Step 3 Create the key ID and key value:
router(config)# ntp authentication-key key_ID md5 key_value
The key ID can be a number between 1 and 65535. The key value is text (numeric or character). It is encrypted later.
Example:
router(config)# ntp authentication-key 100 md5 attack
Note The sensor only supports MD5 keys.
Note Keys may already exist on the router. Use the show running configuration command to check for other keys. You can use those values for the trusted key in Step 4.
Step 4 Designate the key you just created in Step 3 as the trusted key (or use an existing key):
router(config)# ntp trusted-key key_ID
The trusted key ID is the same number as the key ID in Step 3.
Example:
router(config)# ntp trusted-key 100
Step 5 Specify the interface on the router that the sensor will communicate with:
router(config)# ntp source interface_name
Example:
router(config)# ntp source FastEthernet 1/0
Step 6 Specify the NTP master stratum number to be assigned to the sensor:
router(config)# ntp master stratum_number
Example:
router(config)# ntp master 6
The NTP master stratum number identifies the server's relative position in the NTP hierarchy. You can choose a number between 1 and 15.
Step 2 Enter configuration mode:
router# configure terminal
Step 3 Create the key ID and key value:
router(config)# ntp authentication-key key_ID md5 key_value
The key ID can be a number between 1 and 65535. The key value is text (numeric or character). It is encrypted later.
Example:
router(config)# ntp authentication-key 100 md5 attack
Note The sensor only supports MD5 keys.
Note Keys may already exist on the router. Use the show running configuration command to check for other keys. You can use those values for the trusted key in Step 4.
Step 4 Designate the key you just created in Step 3 as the trusted key (or use an existing key):
router(config)# ntp trusted-key key_ID
The trusted key ID is the same number as the key ID in Step 3.
Example:
router(config)# ntp trusted-key 100
Step 5 Specify the interface on the router that the sensor will communicate with:
router(config)# ntp source interface_name
Example:
router(config)# ntp source FastEthernet 1/0
Step 6 Specify the NTP master stratum number to be assigned to the sensor:
router(config)# ntp master stratum_number
Example:
router(config)# ntp master 6
The NTP master stratum number identifies the server's relative position in the NTP hierarchy. You can choose a number between 1 and 15.
Wednesday 2 July 2008
How to upgrade IOS on a Cisco router with built-in flash memory
Step 1: Establish a console session to the router
Even if it is possible to connect to the router through a telnet session, it is strongly recommended to be directly connected to the router using the console port. The reason is that if something goes wrong during the upgrade, it might be necessary to be physically located next to the router to power-cycle it. Moreover, the telnet connection will be lost while the router is rebooting during the upgrade procedure.
A rolled cable (usually a flat black cable) is used to connect the console port of the router to one of the COM ports of the PC.
Once the PC is connected to the console port of the router, you need to open Hyperterminal on the PC, and use the following settings:
Speed 9600 bits per second
8 databits
0 parity bits
1 stop bit
No Flow Control
Note: If you are getting any garbage characters in the hyperterminal session, this means that you have not set the hyperterminal properties properly, or the config-register of the router is set to a non-standard value for which the console connection speed is higher than 9600 bps. Check the value of the config-register using the show version command (shown in the last line of the output) and ensure it is set to 0x2102 or 0x102. It is necessary to reload the router for a configuration register change to take effect. Once you are sure the console speed is set to 9600 bps on the router side, you should check the hyperterminal properties as above .
Booting Problems
Once you are connected to the console port of the router, you might notice that the router is either in ROMmon or Boot mode. These two modes are used for recovery and/or diagnostic procedures. If you do not see the usual router prompt, you should follow the recommendations below to proceed with the upgrade procedure installation.
Router boots in rommon mode, and the following message appears when you issue dir flash: command.
rommon 1 > dir flash:
device does not contain a valid magic number
dir: cannot open device "flash:"
rommon 2 >
When you see the above error message, it means the Flash is empty or the filesystem is corrupted. A Xmodem console download procedure using ROMmon may then be necessary.
Router boots in boot mode, with the following messages on the console:
router(boot)>
device does not contain a valid magic number
boot: cannot open "flash:"
boot: cannot determine first file name on device "flash:"
When you get the above error messages on the console output, it means the Flash is empty or the file system is corrupted. Copy a valid image on the Flash by following the procedures provided in this document.
Step 2: Verify that the TFTP server has IP connectivity to the router
The TFTP server must have a network connection to the router, and must be able to ping the IP address of the router targeted for a TFTP software upgrade. To achieve this, the router interface and the TFTP server must have:
an IP address in the same range, or
a default gateway configured.
To verify this, check the IP address of the TFTP server.
Step 3: Copy the new image into the Flash memory of the 2600 Series Router through the TFTP server
Now that you have IP connectivity and can ping between the computer acting as a TFTP server and the router, you can copy the Cisco IOS Software image into the Flash.
Note: Before copying, make sure you have started the TFTP server software on your PC and that you have the filename mentioned in the TFTP server root directory. We recommend that you keep a backup of the router/access server configuration before upgrading. The upgrade itself does not affect the configuration (which is stored in nonvolatile RAM (NVRAM). However, this might happen if the right steps are not followed properly.
For RCP applications, substitute RCP for every occurrence of TFTP. For example, use the copy rcp flash command instead of the copy tftp flash command.
2600> enable
Password:xxxxx
2600#
2600# copy tftp flash
If necessary, you can copy an image from one device to another.
Specify the IP address of the TFTP server.
When prompted, enter the IP address of the TFTP server as in the following example:
Address or name of remote host []? 10.10.10.2
Specify the filename of the new Cisco IOS Software image.
When prompted, enter the filename of the Cisco IOS Software image to be installed, as in the following example:
Source filename []? c2600-i-mz.121-14.bin
Note: The filename is case sensitive, so be sure to enter it correctly.
Specify the destination filename.
This is the name the new software image will have when it is loaded onto the router. The image can be named anything, but common practice is to enter the same image filename.
Destination filename []? c2600-i-mz.121-14.bin
Note: If you see the below error message:
%Error copying tftp://10.10.10.2/c2600-i-mz.121-14.bin
(Not enough space on device)
This indicates that there is not enough room available in Flash to copy the image. You need to erase a file(s) before copying the new image from the TFTP server.
Upgrade the new image from a TFTP server
2610#copy tftp flash
Address or name of remote host []? 10.10.10.2
Source filename []? c2600-i-mz.121-14.bin
Destination filename [c2600-i-mz.121-14.bin]?y
Accessing tftp://10.10.10.2/c2600-i-mz.121-14.bin...
Erase flash: before copying? [confirm]y !---If there is not enough
!--- memory available, erase the Flash
Erasing the flash filesystem will remove all files! Continue? [confirm]y
Erasing device... eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee
eeeeeeeeee ...erased
Erase of flash: complete
Loading c2600-i-mz.121-14.bin from 10.10.10.2 (via Ethernet0/0): !!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
[OK - 4501480/9001984 bytes]
Verifying checksum... OK (0xAC8A)
4501480 bytes copied in 56.88 secs (80383 bytes/sec)
The copying process takes several minutes; the time differs from network to network. During the copy process, messages are displayed to indicate which file has been accessed.
The exclamation point "!" indicates that the copy process is taking place. Each exclamation point indicates that ten packets have been transferred successfully. A checksum verification of the image occurs after the image is written to Flash memory.
After you have upgraded the Flash, you need to reload the router using the reload command.
Before you reload the router, you need to check two things:
The value of the config-register - You can check this using the show version command. The value is shown in the last line of the show version output. It should be set to 0x2102.
2610#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
2610(config)#config-register 0x2102
2610(config)#^Z
The other files on the Flash - If the first file in the Flash is not the Cisco IOS Software image, but a configuration file or something else, then you need to configure a boot system statement in order to boot the specified image. Otherwise, the router will try to boot with the configuration file or the first file in the Flash; this will not work. If there is only one file in the Flash which is the Cisco IOS Software image, then this step is not necessary.
2610#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
2610(config)#no boot system
2610(config)#boot system flash c2600-i-mz.121-14.bin
2610(config)#^Z
Note: If you type the reload command, the router asks you if you want to save the configuration. You should be very cautious here. The reason is that if the router is in boot mode for instance, it is a subset of the full Cisco IOS software which is running and there is no routing functionality. Therefore, all the routing configuration is gone in the running configuration and if you save the configuration at this time, then you erase the good startup-configuration in NVRAM and replace it by the incomplete running-configuration. Save the configuration only if you are sure that you have the full configuration in the output of show run. It is NOT necessary to save the configuration to take into account the new config-register if this one has been changed previously. That is done automatically.
2610#reload
System configuration has been modified. Save? [yes/no]: y
Building configuration...
[OK]
Proceed with reload? [confirm]y
Verify that the router is running with the proper image. After the reload is complete, the router should be running the desired Cisco IOS Software image. Use the show version command to verify.
2610#show version
00:22:25: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software
IOS (tm) C2600 Software (C2600-I-M), Version 12.1(14), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)
Copyright (c) 1986-2002 by cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Mon 25-Mar-02 20:33 by kellythw
Image text-base: 0x80008088, data-base: 0x80828788
ROM: System Bootstrap, Version 11.3(2)XA4, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)
2610 uptime is 22 minutes
System returned to ROM by reload
System image file is "flash:c2600-i-mz.121-14.bin"
Even if it is possible to connect to the router through a telnet session, it is strongly recommended to be directly connected to the router using the console port. The reason is that if something goes wrong during the upgrade, it might be necessary to be physically located next to the router to power-cycle it. Moreover, the telnet connection will be lost while the router is rebooting during the upgrade procedure.
A rolled cable (usually a flat black cable) is used to connect the console port of the router to one of the COM ports of the PC.
Once the PC is connected to the console port of the router, you need to open Hyperterminal on the PC, and use the following settings:
Speed 9600 bits per second
8 databits
0 parity bits
1 stop bit
No Flow Control
Note: If you are getting any garbage characters in the hyperterminal session, this means that you have not set the hyperterminal properties properly, or the config-register of the router is set to a non-standard value for which the console connection speed is higher than 9600 bps. Check the value of the config-register using the show version command (shown in the last line of the output) and ensure it is set to 0x2102 or 0x102. It is necessary to reload the router for a configuration register change to take effect. Once you are sure the console speed is set to 9600 bps on the router side, you should check the hyperterminal properties as above .
Booting Problems
Once you are connected to the console port of the router, you might notice that the router is either in ROMmon or Boot mode. These two modes are used for recovery and/or diagnostic procedures. If you do not see the usual router prompt, you should follow the recommendations below to proceed with the upgrade procedure installation.
Router boots in rommon mode, and the following message appears when you issue dir flash: command.
rommon 1 > dir flash:
device does not contain a valid magic number
dir: cannot open device "flash:"
rommon 2 >
When you see the above error message, it means the Flash is empty or the filesystem is corrupted. A Xmodem console download procedure using ROMmon may then be necessary.
Router boots in boot mode, with the following messages on the console:
router(boot)>
device does not contain a valid magic number
boot: cannot open "flash:"
boot: cannot determine first file name on device "flash:"
When you get the above error messages on the console output, it means the Flash is empty or the file system is corrupted. Copy a valid image on the Flash by following the procedures provided in this document.
Step 2: Verify that the TFTP server has IP connectivity to the router
The TFTP server must have a network connection to the router, and must be able to ping the IP address of the router targeted for a TFTP software upgrade. To achieve this, the router interface and the TFTP server must have:
an IP address in the same range, or
a default gateway configured.
To verify this, check the IP address of the TFTP server.
Step 3: Copy the new image into the Flash memory of the 2600 Series Router through the TFTP server
Now that you have IP connectivity and can ping between the computer acting as a TFTP server and the router, you can copy the Cisco IOS Software image into the Flash.
Note: Before copying, make sure you have started the TFTP server software on your PC and that you have the filename mentioned in the TFTP server root directory. We recommend that you keep a backup of the router/access server configuration before upgrading. The upgrade itself does not affect the configuration (which is stored in nonvolatile RAM (NVRAM). However, this might happen if the right steps are not followed properly.
For RCP applications, substitute RCP for every occurrence of TFTP. For example, use the copy rcp flash command instead of the copy tftp flash command.
2600> enable
Password:xxxxx
2600#
2600# copy tftp flash
If necessary, you can copy an image from one device to another.
Specify the IP address of the TFTP server.
When prompted, enter the IP address of the TFTP server as in the following example:
Address or name of remote host []? 10.10.10.2
Specify the filename of the new Cisco IOS Software image.
When prompted, enter the filename of the Cisco IOS Software image to be installed, as in the following example:
Source filename []? c2600-i-mz.121-14.bin
Note: The filename is case sensitive, so be sure to enter it correctly.
Specify the destination filename.
This is the name the new software image will have when it is loaded onto the router. The image can be named anything, but common practice is to enter the same image filename.
Destination filename []? c2600-i-mz.121-14.bin
Note: If you see the below error message:
%Error copying tftp://10.10.10.2/c2600-i-mz.121-14.bin
(Not enough space on device)
This indicates that there is not enough room available in Flash to copy the image. You need to erase a file(s) before copying the new image from the TFTP server.
Upgrade the new image from a TFTP server
2610#copy tftp flash
Address or name of remote host []? 10.10.10.2
Source filename []? c2600-i-mz.121-14.bin
Destination filename [c2600-i-mz.121-14.bin]?y
Accessing tftp://10.10.10.2/c2600-i-mz.121-14.bin...
Erase flash: before copying? [confirm]y !---If there is not enough
!--- memory available, erase the Flash
Erasing the flash filesystem will remove all files! Continue? [confirm]y
Erasing device... eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee
eeeeeeeeee ...erased
Erase of flash: complete
Loading c2600-i-mz.121-14.bin from 10.10.10.2 (via Ethernet0/0): !!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
[OK - 4501480/9001984 bytes]
Verifying checksum... OK (0xAC8A)
4501480 bytes copied in 56.88 secs (80383 bytes/sec)
The copying process takes several minutes; the time differs from network to network. During the copy process, messages are displayed to indicate which file has been accessed.
The exclamation point "!" indicates that the copy process is taking place. Each exclamation point indicates that ten packets have been transferred successfully. A checksum verification of the image occurs after the image is written to Flash memory.
After you have upgraded the Flash, you need to reload the router using the reload command.
Before you reload the router, you need to check two things:
The value of the config-register - You can check this using the show version command. The value is shown in the last line of the show version output. It should be set to 0x2102.
2610#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
2610(config)#config-register 0x2102
2610(config)#^Z
The other files on the Flash - If the first file in the Flash is not the Cisco IOS Software image, but a configuration file or something else, then you need to configure a boot system statement in order to boot the specified image. Otherwise, the router will try to boot with the configuration file or the first file in the Flash; this will not work. If there is only one file in the Flash which is the Cisco IOS Software image, then this step is not necessary.
2610#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
2610(config)#no boot system
2610(config)#boot system flash c2600-i-mz.121-14.bin
2610(config)#^Z
Note: If you type the reload command, the router asks you if you want to save the configuration. You should be very cautious here. The reason is that if the router is in boot mode for instance, it is a subset of the full Cisco IOS software which is running and there is no routing functionality. Therefore, all the routing configuration is gone in the running configuration and if you save the configuration at this time, then you erase the good startup-configuration in NVRAM and replace it by the incomplete running-configuration. Save the configuration only if you are sure that you have the full configuration in the output of show run. It is NOT necessary to save the configuration to take into account the new config-register if this one has been changed previously. That is done automatically.
2610#reload
System configuration has been modified. Save? [yes/no]: y
Building configuration...
[OK]
Proceed with reload? [confirm]y
Verify that the router is running with the proper image. After the reload is complete, the router should be running the desired Cisco IOS Software image. Use the show version command to verify.
2610#show version
00:22:25: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software
IOS (tm) C2600 Software (C2600-I-M), Version 12.1(14), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)
Copyright (c) 1986-2002 by cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Mon 25-Mar-02 20:33 by kellythw
Image text-base: 0x80008088, data-base: 0x80828788
ROM: System Bootstrap, Version 11.3(2)XA4, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)
2610 uptime is 22 minutes
System returned to ROM by reload
System image file is "flash:c2600-i-mz.121-14.bin"
Wednesday 11 June 2008
How to break Linux ROOT password?
METHOD 1
Here are the all steps to change password for root in linux:
1)when u reached at the grub screen press 'e' on linux
2)line which contains the word 'kernell' press 'e'
3)go to end of that line and write 'linux single'
4)the press 'esc' twice and press 'b' to reboot the system
5) now wait for the prompt u get, write easy command there:
passwd root
OR
METHOD 2
Please try out the following steps to change the root password:
1. Boot the computer with Linux Installation CD.
2. Enter into Linux Rescue mode by enering the following command in boot screen.
boot: linux rescue
3. When the sh prompt is reached, enter the following commands to change root password.
#chroot /mnt/sysimage
#passwd
The above steps will prompt you to enter your new password.
Here are the all steps to change password for root in linux:
1)when u reached at the grub screen press 'e' on linux
2)line which contains the word 'kernell' press 'e'
3)go to end of that line and write 'linux single'
4)the press 'esc' twice and press 'b' to reboot the system
5) now wait for the prompt u get, write easy command there:
passwd root
OR
METHOD 2
Please try out the following steps to change the root password:
1. Boot the computer with Linux Installation CD.
2. Enter into Linux Rescue mode by enering the following command in boot screen.
boot: linux rescue
3. When the sh prompt is reached, enter the following commands to change root password.
#chroot /mnt/sysimage
#passwd
The above steps will prompt you to enter your new password.
Sunday 8 June 2008
How to block Messenger (or other apps) via Group Policy
Q: Is there an easy way to block the messenger services (especially msn messenger) at say the SBS2003 server level (ie so no client computers can connect)?
A: You can handle that by a GP and the options within the Group Policy to
either allow Messenger to work or even load as far as that goes.
Open Server Management and then Drill down to Advanced Management and then Group Policy Management and then Domains and then Your Domain Name and then Group Policy
Objects and then right click on Small Business Server Client Computer and
then Edit.
This will open the Policy Editor and under Computer Configuration and then Windows Components and then Windows Messenger you have 2 options there to turn off Messenger for running and or loading initially.
Also in this Policy there is a place to not allow certain Applications to run. Just add the exe for Yahoo here and this will block that from running also. This works on 2000 Pro Workstations and above.
A: You can handle that by a GP and the options within the Group Policy to
either allow Messenger to work or even load as far as that goes.
Open Server Management and then Drill down to Advanced Management and then Group Policy Management and then Domains and then Your Domain Name and then Group Policy
Objects and then right click on Small Business Server Client Computer and
then Edit.
This will open the Policy Editor and under Computer Configuration and then Windows Components and then Windows Messenger you have 2 options there to turn off Messenger for running and or loading initially.
Also in this Policy there is a place to not allow certain Applications to run. Just add the exe for Yahoo here and this will block that from running also. This works on 2000 Pro Workstations and above.
Thursday 13 March 2008
How to Tweak PC Shutdown
Shut Down Windows XP in Different Ways
There are so many different ways to turn off your Windows XP computer, let's look at some of them:
1. The standard approach - click the Start Button with your mouse, then select the Turn Off menu and finally click the Turn Off icon on the Turn Off computer dialog. blink.gif
2. Press Ctrl+Esc key or the Win key and press u two times - the fastest approach.
3. Get the Shutdown utility from Download.com - it add the shut down shortcuts for you. Else create them yourself using approach
4. 4. Create a shutdown shortcut on your desktop. Right click on the desktop, choose New Shortcut and type shutdown -s -t 00 in the area where you are asked to specify the location of the program file. Now you can just double click this icon to turn off the computer. The best location would be your quick launch bar.
5. Press the Win key + R key to open the run window. Type shutdown -s -t 00. [s means shutdown while t means the duration after which you want to initiate the shutdown process]. If some open processes or application won't let you turn off, append a -f switch to force a shut down by closing all active processes.
6. Win+M to minimize all windows and then Alt+F4 to bring the Turn Off computer dialog.
7. Open Windows Task manager (by right clicking the Windows Task bar or Alt+Ctrl+Del) and choose Shut down from the menu. Useful when the Windows are not responding.
8. open task manager--->click on shutdown--->hold the ctrl key and click on Turn off::::::: pc will be turned off in 3 secs.. fastest method other than hard shutdown
There are so many different ways to turn off your Windows XP computer, let's look at some of them:
1. The standard approach - click the Start Button with your mouse, then select the Turn Off menu and finally click the Turn Off icon on the Turn Off computer dialog. blink.gif
2. Press Ctrl+Esc key or the Win key and press u two times - the fastest approach.
3. Get the Shutdown utility from Download.com - it add the shut down shortcuts for you. Else create them yourself using approach
4. 4. Create a shutdown shortcut on your desktop. Right click on the desktop, choose New Shortcut and type shutdown -s -t 00 in the area where you are asked to specify the location of the program file. Now you can just double click this icon to turn off the computer. The best location would be your quick launch bar.
5. Press the Win key + R key to open the run window. Type shutdown -s -t 00. [s means shutdown while t means the duration after which you want to initiate the shutdown process]. If some open processes or application won't let you turn off, append a -f switch to force a shut down by closing all active processes.
6. Win+M to minimize all windows and then Alt+F4 to bring the Turn Off computer dialog.
7. Open Windows Task manager (by right clicking the Windows Task bar or Alt+Ctrl+Del) and choose Shut down from the menu. Useful when the Windows are not responding.
8. open task manager--->click on shutdown--->hold the ctrl key and click on Turn off::::::: pc will be turned off in 3 secs.. fastest method other than hard shutdown
Sunday 3 February 2008
How to tweak Google Search for files on megaupload & rapidshare
Search with Google for files on rapidshare or Megaupload servers.
The uploaded filename is contained in the Rapidshare and megaupload URLs.
This will help us find what is posted on rapidshare/megaupload for download.
To search for ebooks and documents in PDF format on Rapidshare:
pdf “rapidshare.de/files” site:rapidshare.de
To download movies and video files:
+inurl:avi|mpg|wmv site:rapidshare.de
To download mp3 files from rapidshare:
+inurl:wma|mp3 site:rapidshare.de
To download software, zipped files, programs from rapidshare:
+inurl:exe|rar|zip site:rapidshare.de
Replace rapidshare.de with megaupload.com to search for files available on
MegaUpload.com servers.
The uploaded filename is contained in the Rapidshare and megaupload URLs.
This will help us find what is posted on rapidshare/megaupload for download.
To search for ebooks and documents in PDF format on Rapidshare:
pdf “rapidshare.de/files” site:rapidshare.de
To download movies and video files:
+inurl:avi|mpg|wmv site:rapidshare.de
To download mp3 files from rapidshare:
+inurl:wma|mp3 site:rapidshare.de
To download software, zipped files, programs from rapidshare:
+inurl:exe|rar|zip site:rapidshare.de
Replace rapidshare.de with megaupload.com to search for files available on
MegaUpload.com servers.
Friday 1 February 2008
How to restrict access to the Control Panel on windows
This tweak will restrict access to the control panel.
How To:-
Start>Run>Regedit>OK
Navigate to the following locations:-
[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer]
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer]
Create a new DWORD value, called 'NoControlPanel' set the value to :-
'1'=enable the restriction.
'0'=disable the restriction
How To:-
Start>Run>Regedit>OK
Navigate to the following locations:-
[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer]
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer]
Create a new DWORD value, called 'NoControlPanel' set the value to :-
'1'=enable the restriction.
'0'=disable the restriction
Saturday 19 January 2008
How to hack Windows XP Home to Windows XP Pro FREE!
Enable the features found in Windows XP Professional on your Windows XP Home Edition installation with this hack. It will allow you to turn your Windows XP Home CD into a Windows XP Professional CD.
Note: If your Windows XP CD does not contain Service Pack 2, you might want to Slipstream Your Windows XP CD first as you will not be able to upgrade an installation after using the CD.
1. Copy the root directory and the i386 directory of the WindowsXP CD to your hard drive.
2. Extract the Bootsector of your Windows XP CD. You can use BBIE to do this.
3. Click START–>RUN–>REGEDIT
4. Highlight HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
5. Click FILE–>LOAD HIVE and select the Setupreg.hiv file
This file is located in the i386 folder. Use the one you extracted to your hard drive from your Windows XP CD.
6. Locate the following registry key:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Homekey\ControlSet001\Services\setupdd
7. Edit the DEFAULT key and change the following values:
01 to 00
02 to 00
8. Change the name to the value HOMEKEY to anything.
9. Locate the following registry key:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Homekey\ControlSet001\Services\setupdd
Edit the DEFAULT key and change the following values:
01 to 00
02 to 00
10. Highlight HOMEKEY and select FILE–>UNLOAD HIVE
You can now burn the data on your hard drive to a CD to make a new Windows XP CD. Then use the CD to install Windows XP. Be sure to make the CD bootable. You can use the instructions here to help you do that.
N.B Please note I haven't tested this myself as i got my genuine XP PRO - However feel free to add comments on your results!
Note: If your Windows XP CD does not contain Service Pack 2, you might want to Slipstream Your Windows XP CD first as you will not be able to upgrade an installation after using the CD.
1. Copy the root directory and the i386 directory of the WindowsXP CD to your hard drive.
2. Extract the Bootsector of your Windows XP CD. You can use BBIE to do this.
3. Click START–>RUN–>REGEDIT
4. Highlight HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
5. Click FILE–>LOAD HIVE and select the Setupreg.hiv file
This file is located in the i386 folder. Use the one you extracted to your hard drive from your Windows XP CD.
6. Locate the following registry key:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Homekey\ControlSet001\Services\setupdd
7. Edit the DEFAULT key and change the following values:
01 to 00
02 to 00
8. Change the name to the value HOMEKEY to anything.
9. Locate the following registry key:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Homekey\ControlSet001\Services\setupdd
Edit the DEFAULT key and change the following values:
01 to 00
02 to 00
10. Highlight HOMEKEY and select FILE–>UNLOAD HIVE
You can now burn the data on your hard drive to a CD to make a new Windows XP CD. Then use the CD to install Windows XP. Be sure to make the CD bootable. You can use the instructions here to help you do that.
N.B Please note I haven't tested this myself as i got my genuine XP PRO - However feel free to add comments on your results!
How to change MAC address through Linux
Changing MAC address
Every network card has a built in unique (ok not so unique in cheap cards) hardware address, it is the so called MAC address. I said that it is built in (sometime it has a sticker on the card showing it), but it can be changed!:)
In Linux the it's something like this:
ifconfig eth1 down hw ether 00:00:00:00:00:02
ifconfig eth1 up
N.B Please note you must be a root to do this!
Every network card has a built in unique (ok not so unique in cheap cards) hardware address, it is the so called MAC address. I said that it is built in (sometime it has a sticker on the card showing it), but it can be changed!:)
In Linux the it's something like this:
ifconfig eth1 down hw ether 00:00:00:00:00:02
ifconfig eth1 up
N.B Please note you must be a root to do this!
Wednesday 16 January 2008
How to tweak new Samsung Mobile Phones
Just discoved how to unlock most samsung mobiles,how easy is this :-)
1/ take out you sim and turn phone back on
2/ type *2767*3855# (phone will lock for a few sec then reboot,
(DONT REMOVE YOUR BATTERY OR PRESS ANYTHING)
3/ when phone comes back on it will say insert sim, as they is nothing init, just pop the sim u wanna use in and your off,
(this does not block the network you where on b4 you entered the code)
if you are asked for a code, just enter 00000000 (8x0)
then turn off phone lock in you settings
YOU ARE DONE!
Other Codes:
*#9998*5282# Java Midlet Menu
*#3243948# Digital Audio Interference Off
*#32436837# Digital Audio Interference On
*#1111# Software Version
*#2222# Hardware Version
*#1234# Firmware Version
*#92782# WAP User Agent
*#927827# WAP WAProfile
*#0228#/*#9998*228# Battery profile
* # 0842 # Vib test
* # 0746 # SSMS MEMORY
* # 0638 # SIM SIM network ID
* # 0778 # SST Sim service Table
* # 0289 # Buz test
* # 0782 # RTC (RealTimeClock) (# = Refresh)
* # 9998*228 # Battery Profile
* # 9998*842 # Vib test
* # 9998*746 # SSMS MEMORY
* # 9998*638 # SIM SIM network ID
* # 9998*778 # SST Sim service Table
* # 9998*289 # Buz test
* # 9998*782 # RTC (RealTimeClock) (# = Refresh)
* # 9998*968 # YAMAHA OF OK ONE
* # 9998*76 # Product NUMBER
* # 9998*377 # error memory
* # 9998*5646 # GPRS Logo
----------------------------------------------
Code, whose effect and/or function I exactly do not point
* # 9324 # monitor? (with the red key velassen)
* # 32436837 # DAI ON?
* # 22766 # Automatically Recive call?
* # 227633 # manual Recive call?
----------------------------------------------
!!! RESET code!!!
!!! these codes use only if you know which it does!!!
!!! Thus data in the Handy are deleted!!!
* 2767*3855 # FULL RESET
* 2767*2878 # CUST RESET
* 2767*927 # WAP RESET
* 2767*667 # MMS RESET
* 2767*36245 # email RESET
1/ take out you sim and turn phone back on
2/ type *2767*3855# (phone will lock for a few sec then reboot,
(DONT REMOVE YOUR BATTERY OR PRESS ANYTHING)
3/ when phone comes back on it will say insert sim, as they is nothing init, just pop the sim u wanna use in and your off,
(this does not block the network you where on b4 you entered the code)
if you are asked for a code, just enter 00000000 (8x0)
then turn off phone lock in you settings
YOU ARE DONE!
Other Codes:
*#9998*5282# Java Midlet Menu
*#3243948# Digital Audio Interference Off
*#32436837# Digital Audio Interference On
*#1111# Software Version
*#2222# Hardware Version
*#1234# Firmware Version
*#92782# WAP User Agent
*#927827# WAP WAProfile
*#0228#/*#9998*228# Battery profile
* # 0842 # Vib test
* # 0746 # SSMS MEMORY
* # 0638 # SIM SIM network ID
* # 0778 # SST Sim service Table
* # 0289 # Buz test
* # 0782 # RTC (RealTimeClock) (# = Refresh)
* # 9998*228 # Battery Profile
* # 9998*842 # Vib test
* # 9998*746 # SSMS MEMORY
* # 9998*638 # SIM SIM network ID
* # 9998*778 # SST Sim service Table
* # 9998*289 # Buz test
* # 9998*782 # RTC (RealTimeClock) (# = Refresh)
* # 9998*968 # YAMAHA OF OK ONE
* # 9998*76 # Product NUMBER
* # 9998*377 # error memory
* # 9998*5646 # GPRS Logo
----------------------------------------------
Code, whose effect and/or function I exactly do not point
* # 9324 # monitor? (with the red key velassen)
* # 32436837 # DAI ON?
* # 22766 # Automatically Recive call?
* # 227633 # manual Recive call?
----------------------------------------------
!!! RESET code!!!
!!! these codes use only if you know which it does!!!
!!! Thus data in the Handy are deleted!!!
* 2767*3855 # FULL RESET
* 2767*2878 # CUST RESET
* 2767*927 # WAP RESET
* 2767*667 # MMS RESET
* 2767*36245 # email RESET
Sunday 13 January 2008
How to run 25 hidden Windows Applications
To run any of these apps go to Start > Run and type the executable name (ie charmap).
Window$ XP HIDDEN APPS:
====================
1) Character Map = charmap.exe (very useful for finding unusual characters)
2) Disk Cleanup = cleanmgr.exe
3) Clipboard Viewer = clipbrd.exe (views contents of window$ clipboard)
4) Dr Watson = drwtsn32.exe (Troubleshooting tool)
5) DirectX diagnosis = dxdiag.exe (Diagnose & test DirectX, video & sound cards)
6) Private character editor = eudcedit.exe (allows creation or modification of characters)
7) IExpress Wizard = iexpress.exe (Create self-extracting / self-installing package)
8) Micro$oft Synchronization Manager = mobsync.exe (appears to allow synchronization of files on the network for when working offline. Apparently undocumented).
9) window$ Media Player 5.1 = mplay32.exe (Retro version of Media Player, very basic).
10) ODBC Data Source Administrator = odbcad32.exe (something to do with databases)
11) Object Packager = packager.exe (to do with packaging objects for insertion in files, appears to have comprehensive help files).
12) System Monitor = perfmon.exe (very useful, highly configurable tool, tells you everything you ever wanted to know about any aspect of PC performance, for uber-geeks only )
13) Program Manager = progman.exe (Legacy window$ 3.x desktop shell).
14) Remote Access phone book = rasphone.exe (documentation is virtually non-existant).
15) Registry Editor = regedt32.exe [also regedit.exe] (for hacking the window$ Registry).
16) Network shared folder wizard = shrpubw.exe (creates shared folders on network).
17) File siganture verification tool = sigverif.exe
18) Volume Control = sndvol32.exe (I've included this for those people that lose it from the System Notification area).
19) System Configuration Editor = sysedit.exe (modify System.ini & Win.ini just like in Win98! ).
20) Syskey = syskey.exe (Secures XP Account database - use with care, it's virtually undocumented but it appears to encrypt all passwords, I'm not sure of the full implications).
21) Micro$oft Telnet Client = telnet.exe
22) Driver Verifier Manager = verifier.exe (seems to be a utility for monitoring the actions of drivers, might be useful for people having driver problems. Undocumented).
23) window$ for Workgroups Chat = winchat.exe (appears to be an old NT utility to allow chat sessions over a LAN, help files available).
24) System configuration = msconfig.exe (can use to control starup programs)
25) gpedit.msc used to manage group policies, and permissions
Window$ XP HIDDEN APPS:
====================
1) Character Map = charmap.exe (very useful for finding unusual characters)
2) Disk Cleanup = cleanmgr.exe
3) Clipboard Viewer = clipbrd.exe (views contents of window$ clipboard)
4) Dr Watson = drwtsn32.exe (Troubleshooting tool)
5) DirectX diagnosis = dxdiag.exe (Diagnose & test DirectX, video & sound cards)
6) Private character editor = eudcedit.exe (allows creation or modification of characters)
7) IExpress Wizard = iexpress.exe (Create self-extracting / self-installing package)
8) Micro$oft Synchronization Manager = mobsync.exe (appears to allow synchronization of files on the network for when working offline. Apparently undocumented).
9) window$ Media Player 5.1 = mplay32.exe (Retro version of Media Player, very basic).
10) ODBC Data Source Administrator = odbcad32.exe (something to do with databases)
11) Object Packager = packager.exe (to do with packaging objects for insertion in files, appears to have comprehensive help files).
12) System Monitor = perfmon.exe (very useful, highly configurable tool, tells you everything you ever wanted to know about any aspect of PC performance, for uber-geeks only )
13) Program Manager = progman.exe (Legacy window$ 3.x desktop shell).
14) Remote Access phone book = rasphone.exe (documentation is virtually non-existant).
15) Registry Editor = regedt32.exe [also regedit.exe] (for hacking the window$ Registry).
16) Network shared folder wizard = shrpubw.exe (creates shared folders on network).
17) File siganture verification tool = sigverif.exe
18) Volume Control = sndvol32.exe (I've included this for those people that lose it from the System Notification area).
19) System Configuration Editor = sysedit.exe (modify System.ini & Win.ini just like in Win98! ).
20) Syskey = syskey.exe (Secures XP Account database - use with care, it's virtually undocumented but it appears to encrypt all passwords, I'm not sure of the full implications).
21) Micro$oft Telnet Client = telnet.exe
22) Driver Verifier Manager = verifier.exe (seems to be a utility for monitoring the actions of drivers, might be useful for people having driver problems. Undocumented).
23) window$ for Workgroups Chat = winchat.exe (appears to be an old NT utility to allow chat sessions over a LAN, help files available).
24) System configuration = msconfig.exe (can use to control starup programs)
25) gpedit.msc used to manage group policies, and permissions
Saturday 12 January 2008
How To Disable Windows Genuine Advantage Notification in 3 Simple Steps
Following three simple steps now you can get rid of the pesky and sometimes buggy Windows Genuine Advantage (WGA) notifications:
1. Reboot Windows in safe mode (hold the f8 key while booting and you will get the option to boot in safe mode) and then:
2. Open Registry Editor (regedit.exe) and search for wgalogon folder and delete it. You should backup up the registry beforehand, in case somethiong goes wrong.
3. In your Windows Searchfor files wga* and delete them.
You are done!
Now reboot back normally and continue your work. Windows Genuine Advantage will not bother you anymore.
Warning: Use at your own risk. Backup everything before you do.Tuesday 8 January 2008
How to get Free UK Traffic alerts on PocketPC with Web n' Walk
Well as i have the T-mobile web and walk i was thinking what could i do to make it more usefull to me and last night i was looking at the Highways agency and noticed that they have traffic alerts on the web site with a really cool map.
I started to think that it would be nice to right an application to interface with it to show on the MDA, and the then i noticed that it had an RSS feed.
So here is the thing to do
Download PRSSreader
http://pda.jasnapaka.com/prssr/
Then add the following url
http://www.highways.gov.uk/rssfeed.rss.xml
then set the options to cache and update every 15minutes and and you then get all the latest highways agencys traffic updates. for a list of rss feeds for your area look here
http://www.highways.gov.uk/traffic/11278.aspx
I started to think that it would be nice to right an application to interface with it to show on the MDA, and the then i noticed that it had an RSS feed.
So here is the thing to do
Download PRSSreader
http://pda.jasnapaka.com/prssr/
Then add the following url
http://www.highways.gov.uk/rssfeed.rss.xml
then set the options to cache and update every 15minutes and and you then get all the latest highways agencys traffic updates. for a list of rss feeds for your area look here
http://www.highways.gov.uk/traffic/11278.aspx
How to resize a VMWare disk
One of my three virtual machines was having low disk space problems. The virtual disk is 8GB in size, but apparently not enough. I decided to increase the size to 12GB, but thats not easy to do!
There are multiple ways to perform this task. I normally do the Process 2 mentioned below, but there is an easy way that I didn't know before: VMWare Converter.
Using VMWare Converter:
- Turn off the virtual machine;
- Start the VMWare Converter application;
- Open the wizard;
- Select 'standalone virtual machine' as the source and destination system;
- Choose 'Select volumes and resize to save or add space';
- Enter a new size and voila, you're done!
A site mentions that the expand process is slow and that VMWare Tools might need to be reinstalled.
Using the VDiskManager:
- Turn off the virtual machine;
- Commit/remove all the snapshots first! (I forgot to mention this, thanks JimO)
- Create a good backup of the files!;
-
Open a Command Prompt and go to:
C:\Program Files\VMWare\VMWare Server -
Run this command to expand the virtual disk:
vmware- vdiskmanager -x 12GB "My harddisk.vmdk -
Note: Because this only expands the disk and not the partition, you'll need to resize the partition table as well. This can be done by 3rd party tools like 'Partition Magic', but also with 'diskpart.exe', builtin into Windows. In my case, this disk is a boot disk, meaning it can't be done on the virtual machine itself. I used another my 2nd virtual machine, running Windows XP.
Add the increased hard disk to a second virtual machine (must be turned off first!). -
Power up this 2nd virtual machine;
-
Open a Command Prompt and type:
diskpart -
Type:
list volume
Remember the volume number (#) of your volume! -
Type:
select volume(the number from step 8) -
Type:
extend -
Turn off this 2nd virtual machine and remove the hard disk from the virtual machine configuration;
-
Finished! (Windows automatically recognizes the new and correct disk and volume size)
Saturday 5 January 2008
How to change the product key on a Windows XP Computer?
Because of changes in Windows XP Service Pack 1 (SP1), Windows XP-based computers that use a leaked product key that is known to be available to the general public may not be able to install SP1 or automatically obtain updates from the Windows Update Web site.
For example, you may experience the symptoms that are described in the following Microsoft Knowledge Base article when you install SP1:
326904 Error Message: The Product Key Used to Install Windows Is Invalid
The easier method to use is the Use the Activation Wizard method. Use this method when you only have a few computers on which to change the product key. The Use a Script method is best when you have a number of computers on which you have to change the product key.
Legal Note: Make sure you understand that this method is indeed legal. This is NO crack, NO hack, there is nothing illegal with this article. I will not, however, encourage any reader to use an illegally obtained CD Key. What you do in your own house/office is your own business, and I cannot and will not be held responsible for your actions.
Method #1: Use the Activation Wizard
If you have only a few volume licensing product keys to change, you can use the Activation Wizard.
Warning!
This document contains instructions for editing the registry. If you make any error while editing the registry, you can potentially cause Windows to fail or be unable to boot, requiring you to reinstall Windows. Edit the registry at your own risk. Always back up the registry before making any changes. If you do not feel comfortable editing the registry, do not attempt these instructions. Instead, seek the help of a trained computer specialist.
Note: Microsoft recommends that you run System Restore to create a new restore point before you complete the following steps:
Click Start, and then click Run.
In the Open box, type Regedit, and then click OK.
In the left pane, locate and then click the following registry key:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\WindowsNT\Current Version\WPAEvents
In the right pane, right-click OOBETimer, and then click Modify.
Change at least one digit of this value to deactivate Windows.
Click Start, and then click Run.
In the Open box, type the following command, and then click OK.
%systemroot%\system32\oobe\msoobe.exe /a
Click Yes, I want to telephone a customer service representative to activate Windows, and then click Next.
Click Change Product key.
Type the new product key in the New key boxes, and then click Update. If you are returned to the previous window, click Remind me later, and then restart the computer.
Repeat steps 6 and 7 to verify that Windows is activated. You receive the following message:
Windows is already activated. Click OK to exit.
Click OK.
Install SP1 for Windows XP.
If you cannot restart Windows after you install SP1, press F8 when you restart the computer, select Last Known Good Configuration, and then repeat this procedure.
For example, you may experience the symptoms that are described in the following Microsoft Knowledge Base article when you install SP1:
326904 Error Message: The Product Key Used to Install Windows Is Invalid
The easier method to use is the Use the Activation Wizard method. Use this method when you only have a few computers on which to change the product key. The Use a Script method is best when you have a number of computers on which you have to change the product key.
Legal Note: Make sure you understand that this method is indeed legal. This is NO crack, NO hack, there is nothing illegal with this article. I will not, however, encourage any reader to use an illegally obtained CD Key. What you do in your own house/office is your own business, and I cannot and will not be held responsible for your actions.
Method #1: Use the Activation Wizard
If you have only a few volume licensing product keys to change, you can use the Activation Wizard.
Warning!
This document contains instructions for editing the registry. If you make any error while editing the registry, you can potentially cause Windows to fail or be unable to boot, requiring you to reinstall Windows. Edit the registry at your own risk. Always back up the registry before making any changes. If you do not feel comfortable editing the registry, do not attempt these instructions. Instead, seek the help of a trained computer specialist.
Note: Microsoft recommends that you run System Restore to create a new restore point before you complete the following steps:
Click Start, and then click Run.
In the Open box, type Regedit, and then click OK.
In the left pane, locate and then click the following registry key:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\WindowsNT\Current Version\WPAEvents
In the right pane, right-click OOBETimer, and then click Modify.
Change at least one digit of this value to deactivate Windows.
Click Start, and then click Run.
In the Open box, type the following command, and then click OK.
%systemroot%\system32\oobe\msoobe.exe /a
Click Yes, I want to telephone a customer service representative to activate Windows, and then click Next.
Click Change Product key.
Type the new product key in the New key boxes, and then click Update. If you are returned to the previous window, click Remind me later, and then restart the computer.
Repeat steps 6 and 7 to verify that Windows is activated. You receive the following message:
Windows is already activated. Click OK to exit.
Click OK.
Install SP1 for Windows XP.
If you cannot restart Windows after you install SP1, press F8 when you restart the computer, select Last Known Good Configuration, and then repeat this procedure.
How to Install Windows Media Player 11.0 bypassing Genuine Windows Validation
Windows Media Player 11.0 is the latest Media Player by Microsoft. It offers great new ways to store and enjoy all your music, video and pictures along with its new cool look. You must have Windows XP Service Pack-2 (SP2) in order to install Windows Media Player 11.0. But still you will face a problem while installing this new Windows Media Player if your copy of Windows XP is not a genuine (non-pirated) one, since WMP 11.0 installation requires genuine windows validation!!!
But there are some tricky steps through which you can install WMP 11.0 even in your pirated copy of windows XP bypassing the genuine windows validation. You just have to follow the following steps one by one:
Download Windows Media Player 11.0 (make sure its the final and latest version, not beta) from the Microsoft Site. Alternatively, you can download the installer file directly from here. Remember you can’t install Windows Media Player 11.0 if service pack 2.0 is not installed in your operating system.
Extract the downloaded Windows Media Player setup file (wmp11-windowsxp-x86-enu.exe) using WinRAR to a directory (wmp11-windowsxp-x86-enu). Now make sure you have a “LegitLibM.dll” file in the extracted “wmp11-windowsxp-x86-enu” folder.
Download the patched LegitLibM.dll and then copy-paste it to the “wmp11-windowsxp-x86-enu” folder and click yes when asked to overwrite.
http://freedownloadz4u.googlepages.com/LegitLibM.dll
Now run “setup_wm.exe” file in the “wmp11-windowsxp-x86-enu” folder.
Restart your PC, then run your Windows Media Player and you are done!!!
But there are some tricky steps through which you can install WMP 11.0 even in your pirated copy of windows XP bypassing the genuine windows validation. You just have to follow the following steps one by one:
Download Windows Media Player 11.0 (make sure its the final and latest version, not beta) from the Microsoft Site. Alternatively, you can download the installer file directly from here. Remember you can’t install Windows Media Player 11.0 if service pack 2.0 is not installed in your operating system.
Extract the downloaded Windows Media Player setup file (wmp11-windowsxp-x86-enu.exe) using WinRAR to a directory (wmp11-windowsxp-x86-enu). Now make sure you have a “LegitLibM.dll” file in the extracted “wmp11-windowsxp-x86-enu” folder.
Download the patched LegitLibM.dll and then copy-paste it to the “wmp11-windowsxp-x86-enu” folder and click yes when asked to overwrite.
http://freedownloadz4u.googlepages.com/LegitLibM.dll
Now run “setup_wm.exe” file in the “wmp11-windowsxp-x86-enu” folder.
Restart your PC, then run your Windows Media Player and you are done!!!
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